The density of a material is critical in CNC machining and engineering, to save you time for searching and converting densities of different materials, below we showcase a material density chart with four units.
Why Is Density Important in Engineering and Machining?
– Material selection: density affects the selection of material in engineering, which is crucial for ensuring the performance, safety, and cost-effectiveness of a product or component.
– Structural integrity: denser materials are generally stronger and more rigid than less dense materials, making them more suitable for applications that require high strength and stiffness, such as aerospace and automotive components.
– Machining parameters: density affects cutting speeds, feeds, and depths of cut.
– Thermal properties: density is a factor that influences the thermal properties of a material, such as its specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity. These properties are important for applications that involve heat transfer, such as cooling systems and electronic components.
– Cost: generally, denser materials are more expensive than less dense materials, so selecting a material with the appropriate density is important for balancing performance and cost.
– Safety: materials with a higher density may be more prone to cracking or shattering under impact, making them less suitable for applications that involve high-impact forces, such as safety equipment and protective gear.
How to Convert Density Units?
Here we list different ways of density conversion & calculation.
– g/cm3 to kg/m3: multiply it by 1000
– g/cm3 to lb/in3: multiply it by 0.036127
– g/cm3 to lb/ft3: multiply it by 62.427961
– lb/ft3 to lb/in3: multiply it by 0.00057870368028786
– lb/ft3 to kg/m3: multiply it by 16.01846
– lb/in3 to kg/m3: multiply it by 27,679.90
Machining Material Density Chart – Density Unit Conversion Table
Metal Material Density Table
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Types of Materials
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Density – g/cm3
|
Density – kg/m3
|
Density – lb/in3
|
Density – lb/ft3
|
Carbon Steel
|
7.81
|
7,810
|
0.282
|
487.29
|
Cast iron, gray
|
7.20
|
7,200
|
0.260
|
448.28
|
Mild Steel
|
7.85
|
7,850
|
0.284
|
490
|
Medium carbon steel
|
7.83
|
7,830
|
0.283
|
489
|
High carbon steel
|
7.81
|
7,810
|
0.282
|
488
|
Iron
|
7.87
|
7,870
|
0.284
|
491
|
Stainless steel
|
7.7-8.0
|
7,700-8,000
|
0.278-0.289
|
481-499
|
Aluminum
|
2.70
|
2,700
|
0.098
|
169
|
Copper
|
8.00
|
8,000
|
0.323
|
557.5
|
Brass
|
8.50-8.80
|
8,500-8,800
|
0.307-0.318
|
531-499
|
Gold
|
19.30
|
19,302
|
0.697
|
1205
|
Silver
|
10.49
|
10,490
|
0.379
|
655
|
Lead
|
11.34
|
11,340
|
0.410
|
708
|
Nickel
|
8.90
|
8,902
|
0.322
|
556
|
Chromium
|
7.19
|
7,190
|
0.260
|
449
|
Antimony
|
6.70
|
6,697
|
0.242
|
418
|
Arsenic
|
5.78
|
5,778
|
0.209
|
361
|
Barium
|
3.5
|
3,500
|
0.126
|
218.5
|
Beryllium
|
1.85
|
1,848
|
0.067
|
115
|
Bismuth
|
9.81
|
9,808
|
0.354
|
612
|
Boron
|
2.45
|
2,450
|
0.089
|
153
|
Brass
|
7.75
|
7,750
|
0.309
|
673.92
|
Cadmium
|
8.64
|
8,642
|
0.312
|
540
|
Calcium
|
1.55
|
1,550
|
0.056
|
97
|
Carbon (graphite)
|
2.25
|
2,250
|
0.081
|
140.5
|
Cerium
|
8.16
|
8,160
|
0.295
|
509
|
Cesium
|
1.90
|
1,903
|
0.069
|
119
|
Cobalt
|
8.83
|
8,832
|
0.319
|
551
|
Dysprosium
|
8.55
|
8,551
|
0.309
|
534
|
Erbium
|
9.07
|
9,066
|
0.328
|
566
|
Europium
|
5.24
|
5,244
|
0.189
|
327
|
Gadolinium
|
7.90
|
7,901
|
0.285
|
493
|
Gallium
|
5.91
|
5,907
|
0.213
|
369
|
Germanium
|
5.32
|
5,323
|
0.192
|
332
|
Hafnium
|
13.31
|
13,310
|
0.481
|
831
|
Holmium
|
8.795
|
8,795
|
0.318
|
549
|
Inconel
|
8.42
|
8,420
|
0.307
|
639.36
|
Indium
|
7.3
|
7,300
|
0.264
|
456
|
Iridium
|
22.562
|
22,562
|
0.815
|
1409
|
Lanthanum
|
6.15
|
6,146
|
0.222
|
384
|
Lithium
|
0.533
|
533
|
0.019
|
33.3
|
Lutetium
|
9.84
|
9,841
|
0.356
|
614
|
Magnesium
|
1.74
|
1,738
|
0.063
|
108.5
|
Manganese
|
7.43
|
7,430
|
0.268
|
464
|
Mercury
|
13.55
|
13,546
|
0.489
|
846
|
Molybdenum
|
10.22
|
10,220
|
0.369
|
638
|
Neodymium
|
7.01
|
7,008
|
0.253
|
438
|
Niobium
|
8.57
|
8,570
|
0.310
|
535
|
Osmium
|
22.587
|
22,587
|
0.816
|
1410
|
Palladium
|
12.02
|
12,020
|
0.434
|
750
|
Phosphorus (white)
|
1.83
|
1,830
|
0.066
|
114
|
Platinum
|
21.45
|
21,450
|
0.775
|
1339
|
Plutonium
|
19.86
|
19,860
|
0.717
|
1240
|
Potassium
|
0.855
|
855
|
0.031
|
53
|
Praseodymium
|
6.773
|
6,773
|
0.245
|
423
|
Promethium
|
7.264
|
7,264
|
0.262
|
453
|
Protactinium
|
15.43
|
15,430
|
0.557
|
963
|
Rhenium
|
21.02
|
21,020
|
0.759
|
1312
|
Rhodium
|
12.41
|
12,410
|
0.448
|
775
|
Rubidium
|
1.532
|
1,532
|
0.055
|
96
|
Ruthenium
|
12.45
|
12,450
|
0.450
|
777
|
Samarium
|
7.52
|
7,520
|
0.272
|
469.5
|
Scandium
|
2.99
|
2,989
|
0.108
|
187
|
Selenium
|
4.81
|
4,809
|
0.174
|
300
|
Silicon
|
2.33
|
2,329
|
0.084
|
145
|
Sodium
|
0.97
|
967
|
0.035
|
60
|
Stainless steel
|
7.75
|
7750
|
0.280
|
483.84
|
Strontium
|
2.6
|
2,600
|
0.094
|
162
|
Tantalum
|
16.6
|
16,600
|
0.600
|
1036
|
Technetium
|
11.5
|
11,500
|
0.415
|
718
|
Tellurium
|
6.24
|
6,237
|
0.225
|
389
|
Terbium
|
8.23
|
8,230
|
0.297
|
514
|
Thallium
|
11.87
|
11,872
|
0.429
|
741
|
Thorium
|
11.8
|
11,800
|
0.426
|
737
|
Thulium
|
9.32
|
9,321
|
0.337
|
582
|
Tin
|
5.765
|
5,765
|
0.208
|
360
|
Titanium
|
4.51
|
4,507
|
0.163
|
281
|
Tungsten
|
19.25
|
19,254
|
0.696
|
1202
|
Uranium
|
19.05
|
19,050
|
0.688
|
1189
|
Vanadium
|
6.16
|
6,160
|
0.223
|
385
|
Ytterbium
|
6.90
|
6,903
|
0.249
|
431
|
Yttrium
|
4.47
|
4,469
|
0.161
|
279
|
Zinc
|
7.13
|
7,133
|
0.258
|
445
|
Zirconium
|
6.51
|
6,505
|
0.235
|
406
|