The Surface Roughness Treatment of CNC Machined Parts – The Importance of Machining for Tool Selection

2022.9.29

The surface quality of automobile parts can directly reflect the micro and geometric errors of the surface of the parts. Of course, the surface roughness is also an important indicator of the reaction, and it is an important basis for testing the surface quality of the parts. Whether the selection is reasonable or not will directly affect the later product quality and service life, including the production process. The selection methods of the surface roughness of mechanical parts mainly include calculation methods experiment and analogy.


In the design of mechanical parts, the analogy method is widely used. This method is simple, effective and fast. The application of analogy requires sufficient reference materials. Now, various mechanical design manuals provide comprehensive data and documents. The comparison is the surface roughness corresponding to the tolerance grade. In general, the smaller the dimensional tolerance requirements of mechanical parts are, The smaller the surface roughness value of mechanical parts is, however, there is no fixed functional relationship between them. For example, the handles on some machines and equipment, and the decorative parts on some equipment, their surface requirements are very high, but the requirements on size are very low. In general, there is a certain correspondence between the tolerance grade and the surface roughness value of mechanical parts with dimensional tolerance requirements.


The current machining industry has also put forward higher requirements for the use of tools for the improvement of technology. It requires not only a long service life, but also low pollution during cutting. Now follow Hongweisheng Precision Technology to see the requirements of machining for high requirements for tools and high life and low pollution.


The requirements of CNC machining on tools are mainly shown in the following aspects:

1. With the development of science and technology, the requirements of the mechanical processing industry on the surface properties of materials are getting higher and higher. In particular, the rise of various precipitation technologies in recent years has made a breakthrough in the research and application of surface engineering technologies. These technologies not only meet the requirements of mechanical properties, but also play a significant role in the fields of electromagnetic, optical electronics, thermohemography, optics, superconductors and functional materials related to biological surfaces.

2. Surface engineering not only allows cheap metal materials to play a greater advantage in performance and small aunt, but also has become an important means of various new coating and film materials with great application potential.

3. The diversity of cutting tools and the characteristics of their use state determine the difference between the choice of tool coating. Turning is different from drilling. The characteristics of intermittent impact should be considered for milling tools. The early development of coating focuses on wear resistance and takes improving hardness as the main index. During processing, constant friction between tools and workpieces will generate a lot of heat energy, In order to prevent the tool from overheating and deforming, which will affect the machining accuracy and prolong its service life, cutting fluid is usually used.

4. With the change of machining industry level, dry cutting is almost used when cutting tools. When cutting fluid is not completely eliminated, try to make sure that it only contains rust inhibitor II and no organic matter, which can greatly reduce the cost of recycling.

5. To solve some problems caused by reducing and eliminating cutting fluid, the tool coating should not only make the tool have a longer service life, but also have the function of self-lubricating.

6. The appearance of diamond coating has shown significant advantages for machining of some materials. However, recent studies have proved that the hardness of diamond-like carbon coating mainly with SP2 structure can also reach 20 to 40 Gpa.

7. There is no catalytic effect with ferrous metals. Its friction coefficient is very low and it has good moisture resistance. It can be cut with coolant or dry cutting. Its service life is doubled compared with that of non coated tools. There is no problem in processing steel materials, so it has aroused great interest of coating and tool manufacturers. Over time, these new diamond-like coatings will be more widely used in the cutting field.

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