What Are The Components Of A CNC Machine – Headstock, Chuck, Control Panel & More

1. Headstock

The headstock is a key part of the CNC machine, which moves along the X axis. It is located on the left inside the CNC machine. It fixes a spindle with a rotating tool holder to help rotate the cutting tool. The tailstock is connected or separated from the headstock to manage the length of the workpiece, while rotating the workpiece on the CNC machine bed.

2. Tailstock

Tailstock is very suitable for supporting long and thin workpieces during operation of CNC machines. It is essential to cut the part accurately without any deformation or chatter. If large parts need to be machined, the tailstock can ensure that it is accurately installed on the cutting tool during the operation of the machine tool.

Tailstock tools are mainly used to fix the workpiece in place during the processing of CNC machines. The tailstock has a tapered device with an internal ball bearing, which is mounted at the center of the shaft, stable and parallel to avoid distortion when cutting objects to their ends or sides.

3. Chuck

The chuck is used to fix the workpiece when the machine tool is rotating. It allows the operator to firmly clamp round or irregular shaped objects on the CNC machine using a separate tapered surface. They are used for either outside diameter clamping or inside diameter clamping. Chuck tools are made of solid materials (mainly cemented carbide) to ensure that the chuck can stably clamp the workpiece to complete cutting while resisting wear during processing.

4. Cutting tool

CNC cutting tools are important tools for cutting parts in the process of machining. It rotates at a high speed, so it removes the metal as it rotates. Cutting tools are divided into different types according to different cutting purposes. Common cutting tools include turning tools, milling tools, hole processing tools, broaches, thread cutters, etc.

5. Control panel

The control panel is mainly composed of screen and keyboard. It controls and monitors all movements of working parts of CNC machines in real time, such as X axis, Y axis, Z axis and machine tool spindle. This makes it possible to provide a user interface to control the movement of the machine tool during the whole processing process.

The control panel also provides a simple way to manage various communication modes of the machine tool. For example, G code is a standard CNC programming language that provides instructions to CNC machines to perform their working functions.

6. Foot switch and pedal

The foot switch and pedal are located directly below the operator side. Used to change the direction of the machine tool spindle. The operator can move it forward (clockwise) or backward (counterclockwise). Most CNC machines have electronic foot switches, which can accurately control the speed and feed rate. The foot pedal also allows the operator to turn on and off the power during processing.

This article mainly introduces the components of the CNC machine. Through the article, we can know that the headstock, tailstock, chuck, cutting tools and control panel are all internal components of the CNC machine. In addition, the article also introduces the functions of these tools in detail. If you focus on CNCLATHING’s news, you can learn more about CNC machines.